原文链接:Add㊣™~
Vim 是从 vi 发展出来的一个文本编辑器。代码补完、编译及错误跳转等方便编程的功能特别丰富,在程序员中被广泛使用。和 Emacs 并列成为类 Unix 系统用户最喜欢的编辑器。这里收录了130+程序员必备的 vim 命令,帮助你提高开发效率。
目录
Contents
1. 基本命令
2. 在文件中移动
3. 剪切、拷贝和粘贴
4. 搜索
5. 替换
6. 大小写
7. 读写文件
8. 文件浏览器
9. 和 Unix 系统交互
10. 对齐
11. 选项卡/窗口
12. 分屏显示
13. 自动完成
14. 标记
15. 缩写
16. 文本缩进
17. 代码高亮
1. 基本命令
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:e filename | Open filename for edition |
:w | Save file |
:q | Exit Vim |
:q! | Quit without saving |
😡 | Write file (if changes has been made) and exit |
:sav filename | Saves file as filename |
. | Repeats the last change made in normal mode |
5. | Repeats 5 times the last change made in normal mode |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
k or Up Arrow | move the cursor up one line |
j or Down Arrow | move the cursor down one line |
e | move the cursor to the end of the word |
b | move the cursor to the begining of the word |
0 | move the cursor to the begining of the line |
G | move the cursor to the end of the file |
gg | move the cursor to the begining of the file |
L | move the cursor to the bottom of the screen |
:59 | move cursor to line 59. Replace 59 by the desired line number. |
20 | |
Move cursor to matching parenthesis | |
[[ | Jump to function start |
[{ | Jump to block start |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
y | Copy the selected text to clipboard |
p | Paste clipboard contents |
dd | Cut current line |
yy | Copy current line |
y$ | Copy to end of line |
D | Cut to end of line |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
/word | Search word from top to bottom |
?word | Search word from bottom to top |
* | Search the word under cursor |
/\cstring | Search STRING or string, case insensitive |
/jo[ha]n | Search john or joan |
/\< the | Search the, theatre or then |
/the> | Search the or breathe |
/\< the> | Search the |
/\< ¦.> | Search all words of 4 letters |
/\/ | Search fred but not alfred or frederick |
/fred|joe | Search fred or joe |
/\<\d\d\d\d> | Search exactly 4 digits |
/^\n{3} | Find 3 empty lines |
:bufdo /searchstr/ | Search in all open files |
bufdo | Search something in all the open buffers and replace it with somethingelse |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
Replace all occurences of old by new in file | |
Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive | |
Replace all occurences with confirmation | |
:2,35s/old/new/g | Replace all occurences between lines 2 and 35 |
:5,$s/old/new/g | Replace all occurences from line 5 to EOF |
Replace the begining of each line by hello | |
Replace the end of each line by Harry | |
Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive | |
Delete all white spaces | |
:g/string/d | Delete all lines containing string |
:v/string/d | Delete all lines containing which didn’t contain string |
:s/Bill/Steve/ | Replace the first occurence of Bill by Steve in current line |
:s/Bill/Steve/g | Replace Bill by Steve in current line |
Replace Bill by Steve in all the file | |
Delete DOS carriage returns (^M) | |
Transform DOS carriage returns in returns | |
Delete HTML tags but keeps text | |
Delete lines which appears twice | |
Ctrl+a | Increment number under the cursor |
Ctrl+x | Decrement number under cursor |
ggVGg? | Change text to Rot13 |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
Vu | Lowercase line |
VU | Uppercase line |
g~~ | Invert case |
vEU | Switch word to uppercase |
vE~ | Modify word case |
ggguG | Set all text to lowercase |
gggUG | Set all text to uppercase |
:set ignorecase | Ignore case in searches |
:set smartcase | Ignore case in searches excepted if an uppercase letter is used |
Sets first letter of each word to uppercase | |
Sets first letter of each word to lowercase | |
Sets first letter of each line to uppercase | |
Sets first letter of each line to lowercase |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:1,10 w outfile | Saves lines 1 to 10 in outfile |
:1,10 w >> outfile | Appends lines 1 to 10 to outfile |
:r infile | Insert the content of infile |
:23r infile | Insert the content of infile under line 23 |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:e . | Open integrated file explorer |
:Sex | Split window and open integrated file explorer |
:Sex! | Same as :Sex but split window vertically |
:browse e | Graphical file explorer |
:ls | List buffers |
:cd .. | Move to parent directory |
:args | List files |
:args *.php | Open file list |
:grep expression *.php | Returns a list of .php files contening expression |
gf | Open file name under cursor |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:!pwd | Execute the pwd unix command, then returns to Vi |
!!pwd | Execute the pwd unix command and insert output in file |
:sh | Temporary returns to Unix |
$exit | Retourns to Vi |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
Align all lines | |
!}fmt | Align all lines at the current position |
5!!fmt | Align the next 5 lines |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:tabnew | Creates a new tab |
gt | Show next tab |
:tabfirst | Show first tab |
:tablast | Show last tab |
:tabm n(position) | Rearrange tabs |
:tabdo | Execute a command in all tabs |
:tab ball | Puts all open files in tabs |
:new abc.txt | Edit abc.txt in new window |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:e filename | Edit filename in current window |
:split filename | Split the window and open filename |
ctrl-w up arrow | Puts cursor in top window |
ctrl-w ctrl-w | Puts cursor in next window |
ctrl-w_ | Maximize current window vertically |
ctrl-w | |
ctrl-w= | Gives the same size to all windows |
10 ctrl-w+ | Add 10 lines to current window |
:vsplit file | Split window vertically |
:sview file | Same as :split in readonly mode |
:hide | Close current window |
:nly | Close all windows, excepted current |
:b 2 | Open #2 in this window |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
Ctrl+n Ctrl+p (in insert mode) | Complete word |
Ctrl+x Ctrl+l | Complete line |
:set dictionary=dict | Define dict as a dictionnary |
Ctrl+x Ctrl+k | Complete with dictionnary |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
m {a-z} | Marks current position as {a-z} |
’ {a-z} | Move to position {a-z} |
” | Move to previous position |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:ab mail [email protected] | Define mail as abbreviation of [email protected] |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:set autoindent | Turn on auto-indent |
:set smartindent | Turn on intelligent auto-indent |
:set shiftwidth=4 | Defines 4 spaces as indent size |
ctrl-t, ctrl-d | Indent/un-indent in insert mode |
>> | Indent |
<< | Un-indent |
Indent the code between parenthesis | |
1GVG= | Indent the whole file |
命令 | 功能 |
---|---|
:syntax on | Turn on syntax highlighting |
:syntax off | Turn off syntax highlighting |
:set syntax=perl | Force syntax highlighting |
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